Shingle.



T. D. MILLER.

SHINGLE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV- 18. I915.

Patented May15,1917.

MILLER, a citizen. of the United States, re-- 'rnome s DENTON'MILLER, or GATONSVILLE, MARYLAND.

SHINGLE.

To all it may) conoerni Be itknown that I, THOMAS DENTON siding at Gatonsville, in the county of Baltiniore and State .of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Shingles, ofwhichthe following l is a specification.

shingles and also to expose more area to the weather than the ordinary shingle This invention relates to,roofs, and more particularly to an improved tile or shingle so formed as to interlock with similar a without danger of leakage.

Specifically, the present invention may be regarded as an improvement upon the shingle shown in my Patent No. 1,059,682,

dated April'22, 1913, and its objects are to' decrease still further-the relative overlapping area of the shingles, and thus increase the relative area exposed to the weather, and at the same time produce a shingle which when applied to a roof will produce a a neat, ornamental appearance.

In order that the invention may be readily understood, reference is had to the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this specification, and in which,

Figure 1 is a face view .of one of my improved shingles;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the same;

shingles whenassembled to form a roof; Fig. 5 is-a longitudinal section substan-.

Fig. 3 is an end view thereof on an enlarged scale; I

Fig. 4e shows the appearance of the tially on the line 5-- 5 of Fig. 4, looln' ng in the direction of the arrow; Fig. 6 is a transverse section substantially on the line 6 -6 of Fig. 4:, looking in t the direction of the arrow; and,

Fig. 7 is a central longitudinal section showing a slightly different form of shingle. I

The improved tile or shingle forming the subject of the present invention may be i made of any desired material, and is pref- 1 wide, flat, central portion 1, a pair of longierably rectangular in. shape, as shown in Fig. 1. The shingle. consists of a relatively tudinal ribs or beads 2, .disposedon'e on each side of the central portion 1, and a pair of relatively narrow flanges -3, lying betweenthe ribs 2 and the longitudinal sfle edges Specification 01 Letters Patent. Application filed November 18, 1915. Serial No. 62 ,111.

of the shingle. The shingle is provided with a pair of transversely extending ridges 4, which divide the surface of the Shingle into three portions a, b, and a. The portions a and 6 together constitute the exposedarea of the shingle and are preferably relatively wide and of similarshape' and size. The portion a constitutes the covered or overlapped area of the shingle and is of relatively narrow width. In laying, the portion 0 is, of course, at the upper end of the shingle.

By reference to Fig. 2, it will be seen that the three portions a, b, and 0, formed by the ridges 4, lie in different but substantially parallel planes. The. lower edge of the Patented May 15, 1917.

lowermost portion a is-preferaloly bent. downwardly, as indicated at 5. Thls downwardly bent edge is adapted to engage the upper ridge 4 of the shingle immediately below it, as shownin Fig. 5, thus overlapping the upper portion. 0 of said lower shingle. The shingles are secured. in position on the roofby means of nails which are drivennat the points indicated by the reference character 6, such polnts being located just above the lower ridge 1, on-each side of the shinglein the flanges 3. It will ,be' seen that when the shingles are laid as below described, the nail heads located at such points will be entirely covered.

Referring to Fig. 4, it will beseen that the" shingles are laid in horizontal rows asusual. The present arrangement, however, differs from that usually employed in that the shingles of each row are spaced relatively far apart. In the drawing A 'andL-Orepresent two shingles in the same horizontal rowi and it will be seen that these are separate by a distance almost equal to the width of the central portion of the intermediate shingle B of the row immediatelybelow. Shingles D and F of the row above are in the 7 same way separated a distance almost equal to the width-of the shingle A, etc. It will also be seen that the portions a and 'b of each shingle are exposed to the weather, o1.1ly the portion a being covered or overlapped by the shingle immediately above. By v1rt11e of the arrangement above described, it will be observed'that the relative proportion of each shingle which is exposed to the weather is much greater than in the case of ordinary shingles, and is also greater than in the. case of the shingles covered by my patent above referred to. It will also be noted that the ribs 2 of each shingle overlap the upper. portions of the ribs of the twoadjacent shingles in the next lower row, so that the lower portion of each shingle has all three of its edges exposed to the weather. Owing. however, to

i the efiicient seal formed by the ribs and In some cases where the shingle is made of sheet metal, it may be desirable to form the 20 same slightly concave or bow-shaped, as shown in Fig. 7. By-reference to this figure, it will be obvious that the central portion 1 of the shingle is not strictly fiat, but is somewhat curved and that the surfaces a, b, c

lie-in different, although not strictly parallel planes When a shingle of the form 7 shown in Fig. 7 isnailed to a roof,.the lower edge 5 is thus forced into very close contact with the shingle below it.

' What I claim is: I v

, l.- A roof consisting of a series of horizontal rows of overlapping shingles,-each shingle having a relatively wide, flat, central portion, and a pair of straight longitudinal ribs arranged one on each side and extending throughout thelength thereof, the ribs of each shingle of an upper row overlapping those of two adjacent shingles of the next lower row, and each shingle of a lowerrow having onetransverse ridge across the said central portion against which ridge the lower end of the shingle in the upper row second above it engages, and anothertransverse ridge in almement w th the lower edges of the two overlapping shingles of the next upper row immediately above it.

2.; A roof consisting of a series of horizontal rows of overlapping shingles, the

shingles of eachrow being spaced relatively far apart, and each shingle overlapping the sides of two adjacent shingles 'of the next lower row, and the upper end of the shingle immediately below it, each shingle having a transverse ridge and the lower edges of the shingles in one row being alined with the ridges of the shingles in the next 1( wer row, whereby the appearance of continuous 'horizontal lines between the rows of shingles is produced.

3. A roof consisting of a series of horizontal rows of overlapping shingles, each shin gle having a pair of longitudinal ribs extending throughout the length thereof, and arranged one on each side, said ribs being spaced from the side edges of the shingle to form lateral nailing flanges, each shingle of an upper row partially overlappingthe said ribs and flanges of two adjacent shingles of Y the next lower row, and each Shingle having two spaced transverse I ridges extending across the same, the shingles being laid so that the lowermost ridge of each shingle in onerow is'in substantial alinement with the lower edges of the two overlapping shingles of the next upper row, each of said shingles being secured by two nails driven through said flanges at points between said ridges,

said nails also passing through the two a jacent shingles of the next lower row'above the upper transverse ridge of such shingles, .whereby every nail head is covered by an overlapping shingle, and a transverse ridge extends between the two nails passing through each side of every shingle.-

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature.

THOMAS DENTON MILLER; 

